INFINITIVE CLAUSES WITH IMPERSONAL IT
It (be) Adj + Infinitve Clause vs.
Gerund Clause (be) Adj
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INFINITIVE
CLAUSE
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The
expression "It is + adj/noun to" emphasizes
information by bringing it to the front of the clause. The
subject of an infinitive clause is optionally expressed as [for + noun] or the
accusative pronoun [for +
pronoun].
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MAIN CLAUSE
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SUBORD
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COMPLEMENT
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"IT" IS + ADJ
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"FOR" PRN
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INFINITIVE CLS
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It's difficult
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for me
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to guess what will happen.
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It's hard
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to know when a rat will get
loose.
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It's impossible
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for us
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to do this project in
24 hours
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It's important
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to take a break twice a day.
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It's possible
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for you
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to work on your own project.
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It's exciting
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for us
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to be here.
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It's likely
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for it
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to get cold in the laboratory.
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"IT IS" + NP
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"FOR" PRN
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INFINITIVE CLS
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It's a good idea (noun)
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to put on your lab coat.
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It's a pleasure (noun)
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for us
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to have you here.
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It's an honor (noun)
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for us
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to work in this lab.
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IMPERSONAL IT
“IT” is used to replace a clause or phrase at the
the beginning of a sentences :
=>When an
INFINITIVE is a subject of a sentence, we
usually begin the sentence with “it” and put infinitive
later.
For examples:
It is easy to criticize. = To criticize is easy.
It is better to be early. = To be early is better.
=>When a GERUND as a subject of a sentence, we usually begin
the sentence with “it” and put gerund later.
For examples:
It is easy talking. = Talking is easy.
It is difficult answering your questions. = Answering your questions is
difficult.
=>”iT” can be used similarly when the subject of a
sentence is a clause.
It would be possible to say:
That he has not returned is strange.
That prices will go up is certain.
What he said yesterday is right.
What she explained two days ago is clear.
It is strange that he has not returned.
It is certain that prices will go up.
It is right What he said yesterday.
It is clear What she explained two days ago.
=>”It” is also
used to express TIME:=>
1>.It is 7 o’clock.
2>.It is Sunday.
3>.It is August.
4>.It is 2008.
5>.It’s holiday.
6>.It is Romadan day.
=>”it” is also
used to express “DISTANCE”:=>
1>.It is 90 kms from here to Malang.
2> It is about 1000 kms from here to Jakarta.
=>”it” is used to express “WEATHER”:=>
1>.It is raining.
2>.It is windy.
3>.It is hot.
4>.It is cold.
5>.It is winter, summer. spring, autumn.
6.>It is snowing.
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